Doing extra work at the beginning of an acting career is certainly one way to get a career started. As an extra you gain knowledge, experience and technical insight while becoming familiar with studios and locations. To be sure, there is known to be a stigma attached to being an extra in Los Angeles, though not as much so in New York. This, however, is not as a concern for those in early training. Working as an extra might afford you the earliest opportunity to earn a SAG card.

When you get three SAG vouchers, you are eligible to join SAG. A voucher is your pay record and is a three-page multicolored form. Of course, if you are luckily appointed or hired to utter a simple line within the script, that means you get paid SAG minimum and are eligible to join SAG. A person gets started as an extra by registering with one or more of the extra casting agencies

Defining Extra Work

"Extra work" refers to employment as a background performer in scenes for television or film. People who do this, "extras" or "atmosphere," have no speaking lines and are barely ever recognizable. They are just used to create realistic depictions of public places. Scenes in restaurants, courtrooms, hallways, and outdoors usually need to be filled with people who are walking, sitting, eating, or chatting.

Extra work can be especially useful to an actor just starting out. You'll have the opportunity to see how a real television or movie set operates which can help you in future acting jobs. Working as an extra is one of the ways a non-union person can become eligible to join the Screen Actors Guild (SAG).

While working as an extra, you can network and swap information with other extras about agents, casting directors, and other of show-business related matters. Also, working as an extra on shows like soap operas can lead to "under-fives," which are speaking parts with five lines or less. Under-fives pay more than regular work, and obviously provide more exposure than ordinary extra work.

Becoming An Extra

There are not many requirements or skills needed to become an extra. Agencies that cast for extras look for all types. That includes people who are tall, short, fat, skinny, young, old, and from all ethnic backgrounds. But of course, the needs for a particular scene will dictate precisely what kinds of extras will be cast.

In Los Angeles, there are many extra casting agencies, but usually, only a few handle the bulk of the work. Some are large and some are small. The key in dealing with agencies that cast for extras is just knowing whether or not they are reputable. Extras can be categorized as follows:

• Day extras
• Special extras
• Silent bit extras

A day extra is lowest in the hierarchy of extras. A day extra fills the background with a live body. Day extras may need to act as if they are talking on the phone or to another extra, or as if they are just standing or walking around. Lately (and perhaps sadly), computer-generated images may fill the roles of day extras in certain instances, a result of the digitalization of the film production process. Another outlet for the actor is the talk or variety show format which utilizes talent either onstage or in the audience.

Special extras perform a specialty skill in the background, such as juggling, skateboarding, diving, fencing, playing a musical instrument, or horseback riding. Exactly the kinds of things that should be listed in the "Special Skills" section of the actor's resume. None of the actions required from a special extra are dangerous or very involved, but they do require sufficient familiarity with a particular skill so that the action seems authentic.

Silent bit extras can interact with the principal actors in some way, usually by acting out some kind of physical exchange. Silent bit extras that appear in the same scene as one of the principal actors are more likely to have their filmed segments included in the movie or television production's final cut. As a silent bit extra, you don't make any more money than any other type of extra, but you may have a better shot at screen exposure.

You can work as an actor anywhere you live. Extra work done in movies, TV shows, industrial films, commercials, and music videos may be filmed anywhere, either in a studio or on location. When film productions travel to far-off locations, directors often hire the locals as extras and advertise in the newspapers to attract the applicants.

If you happen to be in a location where a movie is being filmed, you can apply to work as an extra without going through an agency at all. To find out more about extra work in your area, contact your state's film commission.

Stand-ins, Another Kind of Extra

A stand-in is someone who has a similar height, build, and look of a major actor/actress. Instead of wasting the principal actor's time by having him or her stand on the set while the camera and lighting crew adjusts the lighting and prepares the cameras, a stand-in is placed there instead. A stand-in just stands where the principal actor is going to stand while the crew makes sure that the lighting and camera angles are okay.

If the scene involves walking or moving in any way, the director may ask the stand-in to move in the same way the actor will move during filming. If any shadows, echoes, or additional disturbances interfere with the scene, the director wants to find out about them ahead of time before calling the actors in. When the camera crew is ready, the stand-in walks off the set, and the principal comes in to do the actual filming. Stand-ins do get paid better than regular extras, and they have guaranteed work for as long as the filming takes place.

Extras Casting Agency Registration and Fees You Might be Charged

A good procedure for getting registered with extras casting agencies is to call each agency ahead of time to learn of their designated hours for registration, what you must bring with you (usually you will just need two forms of identification: a drivers license and Social Security Card), and of course, any fees that might be charged.

If you are non-union, most agencies will charge you a one-time registration fee ranging from $5 to $60. Illegitimate agencies have been known to want upwards of $300, and naturally, you should stay away from anyone who wants that kind of money for this kind of work. This registration fee usually includes having your picture taken for the agency's files, in their own format, size, and/or style. Sometimes if you bring your own three-by-five color snapshot of yourself, your fee will be waived.

Also, some agencies withhold five percent of a non-union extra's paycheck, as a service fee. If you are non-union, you will quickly see the benefits of belonging to a union. This service fee is another downside to experience until you can become a union member.

If you are a union member, you can never be charged a registration fee, as mandated by the Screen Actors Guild. However, some agencies get around this rule by imposing a small "picture fee," which is usually $5 to $15, but not more than this. More often than not, there are no fees for union members.

Pay Scales

In Los Angeles, the pay rate for non-union extras is $46 a day, based on eight hours of work. Screen Actors Guild "general extra" wages, paid to extras who work on union films and television shows, are $95 per day, also based on eight hours (the rate increases by $5 every year on July 1 up until 2003, when a new agreement is negotiated). AFTRA wages for extras are $132 per eight hours of work on one-hour shows and $85 per eight hours of work on half-hour shows. AFTRA, of course, covers television shows such as soap operas, game shows, and talk shows, which are shot on video and remain in a video format when aired.

Though these union rates may not seem tremendous, quite often shoots can run longer than eight hours, which will result in overtime. And in the event that you are released after only one or two hours, you still get paid for a minimum of eight hours of work.

Overtime For Extras

Non-union overtime is paid at time-and-a-half for the first two hours after eight hours. After that, you will receive twice your hourly rate until you have worked sixteen hours in one day. After 16 hours (aka "golden time") you will start earning your daily rate every hour.

Union overtime is paid at time-and-a-half for the first four hours of overtime, and twice your hourly rate from twelve to sixteen hours. At "golden time," you will earn your daily rate every hour, as do non-union extras. For both union and non-union, overtime is paid in increments of tenths of an hour.

There can also be various pay supplements known as "bumps" that you can receive depending on the requirements of the day. For example, you will be given additional pay if you wear and change your own wardrobe, use your own car in a scene, perform hazardous duties, operate firearms, wear prosthetics, or you are used as a body double or stand-in. The amount of these bumps usually varies from $5 to $50.

Getting Work After Being Registered

Extras casting directors are known to book extras in one of several ways. The most common method is to have a message line, either on voice mail or a continuously repeating loop, which is updated throughout the day with the specific types that are being sought. Prospects that hear the message and know they fit the description would then call a designated number to attempt the booking. The extras casting director will either pull your image up on a computer or pull your picture from a file and check to see if you are, in fact, right for the job.

Extras casting directors also fill slots by allowing extras to call them directly throughout the day to inquire about work, a method that seems to contrast sharply with regular talent agents and agencies. Just remember to keep the calls brief since they speak with hundreds of people every day. With the passing of time, you can foster a relationship and it will become easier to chat and ask about work.

Agencies also book extras by having a general work line that actors can call, and if extras are needed, a casting director may pick up. Usually, you will supply three kinds of information: your name, age, and race. This kind of information is important to know since the requirements for scenes can be very specific, and based on assembling certain types of people.

Getting Booked For Extra Work Through a Calling Service

Yet another way extras can get booked is through a "calling service." A calling service is a small company, usually one to four people, that are connected with most of the extras casting agencies. They call casting people directly to get you work, and frequently casting people call them to fill work needs when they are very busy. For example, an extras casting director may have to book fifty extras quickly.

Rather than put this information on a message line and take calls from countless people who may or may not be right for the job, the director will contact the calling service and tell them what types are needed. Calling services also usually supply books of their clients to agencies for quick reference. The calling service then does most of the work by gathering up and scheduling a list of people. Essentially, they book the shows for the extras casting director.

Thus, calling services are like agents or brokers for extras who want to work regularly. They cannot guarantee employment, but usually can get an extra two to six days of work per week, depending on how much work is available and how good a calling service it is.

If you are planning on doing extra work on a regular basis, you might consider signing up with a calling service. The fee is usually about $45 to $55 a month. To stay in the safe zone, ask the extras casting agencies you have come to know and trust which calling services they recommend before picking one. If you don't have a calling service, then you should expect to make anywhere from one to one hundred calls a day to stay in the hunt. You will still have to make some calls anyway since calling services can't ensure work for every day of the week.

Your Primary Objectives to Consider

The goal of an actor is to get a speaking role. The moment you have a speaking role in a union production, even if it's just one word, you automatically qualify for joining the Screen Actors Guild (SAG). This is a process known as being "Taft-Hartleyed." On rare occasions, a director may want an extra to shout out a word or two. If that opportunity comes your way, you will no longer be considered an extra, and you will have a speaking/acting credit to add to your resume.

Until this happens, avoid putting extra work on your resume. If you are working regionally it is more acceptable to state extra work. If your goal is to be an actor, and you want to do some extra work to get a feel for being on a set, some extra work is suitable as long as you keep a low profile about it.

Extras Casting Agencies

Actors Reps of New York
1501 Broadway, Suite 308
New York, New York 10036
Phone: 212-391-4668; Fax: 212-391-8499
Casts extras for all areas. Auditions are held weekdays from 11:30am to 1:00pm and 4:00pm to 5:30pm. Saturday auditions are held from 11:00 am to 1:00 pm.
Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
http://www.actorsreps.com

Audience Associates/Big Crowds
7471 Melrose Ave., Ste. 10
Los Angeles, California 90046
Phone: 323-653-4105; Fax: 323-653-4176
Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Large Crowds 300-20,000

Background, Inc.
20 W. 20th Street, Suite 234
New York, New York 10011
Phone: 212-609-1103
Casts union and non-union background actors for commercials, film, industrials, music videos and trailers.
http://www.bgroundinc.com

Bill Dance Casting
4605 Lankershim Boulevard, Suite 401
North Hollywood, California 91602
Phone: 818-754-6634 or 818-754-6633; Fax: 818-754-6643
Union and non-union
http://www.billdancecasting.com/

Central Casting/Cenex Casting
220 South Flower Street, Burbank California 91502
Phone: 818-562-2700 or 818-562-2800; Fax: 818-736-4458
Union and non-union extras.
Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
http://www.ep-services.com/extras.htm

Charlie Messenger Casting
10806 Ventura Boulevard
Studio City, California 91604
Phone: 818-760-3696
Union and non-union

Extra Connection
1382 Third Avenue
New York, New York 10021
Phone: 212-472-6981

Extras Casting by Booked
451 Greenwich Street, #506
New York, New York 10013
Phone: 212-925-5890
Works with both union and non-union.

Grant Wilfley Casting
60 Madison Ave., Ste. 1027
New York, New York 10010
Phone: 212-685-3537
Fax: 212-684-7039

Jimmy Hank Promotions
209 West 104, 2H
New York, New York 10025
Phone: 212-864-2132
Specializes in casted audiences and extras for commercials, films, TV, music videos, infomercials, industrials and print.
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Judie Fixler Casting
P.O. Box 127
Greens Farms, Connecticut 06838
Phone: 203-254-4416; Fax: 203-254-4418
Pager: 860-588-2701
Casts extras for films, television and commercials.

Mike Lemon Casting
413 N. Seventh Street, Suite. 602
Philadelphia, Pennsylvanioa 19123
Phone: 215-627-8927 or 888-991-0690; Fax: 215-627-8923
Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
http://www.mikelemoncasting.com/

Rainbow Casting
12501 Chandler Avenue, Suite 206
N. Hollywood, CA 91607
Phone: 818-377-4475
Union and non-union

The Reel People Company
P.O. Box 2555
New York, NY 10116
Phone: 212-564-4141

Sylvia Fay Casting
71 Park Avenue
New York, NY 10016
Phone: 212-889-2626

Winsome Sinclair & Associates
2575-A Frederick Douglass Avenue
Harlem, NY 10030
Phone: 212-281-4044
Fax: 212-281-2840
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View a full listing of helpful associations and organizations

Relevant Associations & Organizations

Actors’ Work Program
c/o Actors’ Fund of America
729 Seventh Avenue (48 & 49 streets), 11 Floor
New York, New York 10036
Phone: 212-354-5480; Los Angeles: 323-933-9244 ext: 50
Career management and counseling mostly for sideline and second careers; educational grants for retraining and education.
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http://www.actorsfund.org/human/work.html

American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (AFTRA)
East Coast Office:
260 Madison Avenue, 7th Floor
New York, New York 10016
Phone: 212-532-0800
West Coast Office:
5757 Wilshire Boulevard
Los Angeles, California  90036
Phone: 213-634-8100
Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
http://www.aftra.org/

American Society of Media Photographers, Inc.
150 North Second Street
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19106
Phone: 215-451-ASMP (2767); Fax: 215-451-0880
A resource for community, culture, commerce and publications relating to publication photography. "Find a Photographer" database, is searchable by criteria including location and specialty.
Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
http://www.asmp.org/

Association of Film Commissioners International (AFCI)
314 North Main, Suite 307
Helena, Montana 59601
Phone: 406-495-8040; in LA-323-462-6092; Fax: 406-495-8039
As a governing body for film commissions worldwide, AFCI can be a source of information on wherever film, video or multimedia production and location shoots takes place. It does this through offering: Film Commission Search Engine; information about Locations Trade Show; a list of festivals and trade shows where film commissions appear; the latest on-location production news and other tools.
Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
http://www.afci.org

Association of Talent Agents (ATA)
9255 Sunset Boulevard., Suite 930
Los Angeles, California 90069
Phone: 310-274-0628; Fax: 310-274-5063
Trade association composed of approximately 100 agency companies engaged in the talent agency business. The membership includes agencies of all sizes representing clients in the motion picture industry, stage, television, radio (including commercials) and literary work.
Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
http://www.agentassociation.com/

Casting Society of America
606 N. Larchmont Boulevard, Suite 4-B
Los Angeles, California 90004 -1309
Phone: 323-463-1925; Fax: 323-463-5753
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http://www.castingsociety.com/

Extras Casting Guild
400 S. Beverly Drive, Suite 306
Beverly Hills, California 90212
Phone: 310-277-1007
Provides assistance to both SAG members and Non-Union Background Actors as well as the Casting Directors who hire them by answering questions about where to begin in the industry or how to seek out legitimate casting agencies, and providing a talent database for casting directors to peruse.
Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
http://www.extrascastingguild.com

FilmCommissionHQ
The inFILM Network, Inc.
FilmCommissionHQ Division
8491 West Sunset Boulevard, #1300
West Hollywood, California 90069
Phone: 818-904-0277; Fax: 818-904-2884
Actors can register as a Professional Member of FilmCommissionHQ.com (a not-for-profit organization). There is no cost to register. Among many other benefits, Professional Members may receive a free online profile in their Talent Directory. Producers, photographers, talent scouts, and casting directors will be looking to the local Film Commission in the area they are filming in to find local talent. Your online profile will be available for everyone to see in the Talent Directory of your local Film Commission at FilmCommissionHQ.com.
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http://www.filmcommissionhq.com

View a full listing of helpful associations and organizations